What condition occurs naturally and affects 10% to 25% of all pregnancies, often due to acute or chronic illnesses?

Spontaneous abortion, also known as miscarriage, is a condition that occurs naturally and affects a significant percentage of pregnancies, with estimates ranging from 10% to 25%. It usually happens within the first trimester and can stem from various factors, including genetic abnormalities in the fetus, hormonal imbalances, or maternal health issues. While some of these causes may be related to acute or chronic illnesses affecting the mother, the condition itself is a common and often unfortunate part of the reproductive process for many women.

Gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and ectopic pregnancy are specific complications of pregnancy. Gestational diabetes is a condition that develops during pregnancy due to hormonal changes affecting insulin. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and potential damage to organs, usually occurring later in pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy involves the implantation of the embryo outside the uterine cavity, which can severely compromise maternal and fetal health. These conditions do not typically occur naturally in the same way as spontaneous abortion and do not have as high a prevalence across pregnancies.