What is the primary cause of respiratory acidosis?

The primary cause of respiratory acidosis is a diminished rate of respiration. This condition occurs when the body is unable to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) through the lungs. CO2 combines with water in the body to form carbonic acid, which can lead to a decrease in blood pH, causing the blood to become more acidic. When respiration is inadequate, the levels of CO2 in the bloodstream rise, contributing to respiratory acidosis.

In contrast, increased respiratory rate generally serves to expel more CO2, which would help to counteract acidosis. Obstructed airflow can lead to problems, but it does not primarily signify a lower respiratory rate; rather, it can cause issues with gas exchange. Excessive vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis, not respiratory acidosis, as it results in loss of gastric acid and an increase in blood pH. Therefore, the diminished rate of respiration is the most direct factor contributing to the development of respiratory acidosis by preventing the normal exhalation of CO2.